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Teleostei >
Clupeiformes (Herrings) >
Alosidae (Shads and Sardines)
Etymology: Alosa: Latin, alausa = a fish cited by Ausonius and Latin, halec = pickle, dealing with the Greek word hals = salt; it is also the old Saxon name for shad = "alli" ; 1591 (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Berg.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
; 半咸淡水 大洋性. 溫帶; 48°N - 36°N, 46°E - 56°E (Ref. 188)
Former USSR and Asia: Caspian Sea.
前蘇聯與亞洲: 裡海。
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 25.0 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 188); common length : 17.0 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 188)
背棘 (总数): 3; 背的软条 (总数): 13-14; 臀棘 3; 臀鳍软条: 17 - 19. Body shape `shad-like'; upper and lower head profiles strongly rounded. Gill rakers rather long and thin, equal to or usually longer than gill filaments. Teeth well developed in both jaws. Resembles A. saposchnikowii which has a more pointed head, the upper and lower jaw profiles straight; A. caspia has more gill rakers and A. brashnikovi is more slender and `herring-like'.
体型像非鱼类一样的'; 上、下头部轮廓强烈地圆的。 鳃耙相当长而细的, 等于或通常长度超过鳃丝。 双颚内的齿发展良好的。 与有一个更多的尖头部,上、下颌的 A. saposchnikowii 相似轮廓很直; A. caspia 有更多的鳃耙,而且 A. brashnikovi 是更细长的与像鲱鱼一样的'.
Confined to semi-saline waters; non-anadromous, not entering fresh water. Spawns in the eastern part at the north end of Caspian Sea, from mid-May to end of June, mostly when temperatures are 18-20°C, salinities 8-10 ppt and at depths of around 3 m. The young move southward late in autumn, later than any other clupeids.
局限于半-咸度的水域了; 非溯河洄游产卵, 不进入淡水。 从五月中旬到六月的末端, 在里海的北端产卵在东部, 大部份当温度是 18-20 °C 的时候, 盐度 8-10 ppt 而在深度大约 3 公尺。 幼鱼晚秋天时向南移动, 迟于任何其他的鲱鱼。
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
前蘇聯與亞洲: 裡海。
Whitehead, P.J.P., 1985. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 188)
人类利用
渔业: 自给性渔业
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00794 (0.00370 - 0.01703), b=3.04 (2.87 - 3.21), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.7 ±0.4 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (21 of 100).