分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Clupeiformes (Herrings) >
Alosidae (Shads and Sardines)
Etymology: Alosa: Latin, alausa = a fish cited by Ausonius and Latin, halec = pickle, dealing with the Greek word hals = salt; it is also the old Saxon name for shad = "alli" ; 1591 (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Borodin.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
; 半咸淡水 大洋性; 海洋洄游的. 溫帶; 48°N - 35°N, 45°E - 56°E (Ref. 188)
Former USSR and Asia: Caspian Sea.
前蘇聯與亞洲: 裡海。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ?, range 20 - ? cm
Max length : 50.0 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 188); common length : 30.0 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 188)
背棘 (总数): 0; 臀棘 0. Body fairly elongate, more `herring-like' than `shad-like'. gill rakers thick and coarse, shorter, equal to or a little longer than gill filaments, either straight or curved, pointed or blunt, occasionally even bifurcated at tips. Teeth well developed in both jaws. Other Caspian shads have deeper, more shad-like bodies.
身体相当延长, 更多像鲱鱼一样的 '超过像非鱼类一样的'. 鳃耙厚而粗糙的，比较短的, 等于或者稍微长度超过鳃丝, 或直或弯曲的，尖的或钝的, 偶然地甚至在顶端分叉了。 双颚内的齿发展良好的。 其他的里海非鱼类更深地有, 比较像非鱼类一样的身体。
Occurs in brackish water and non-anadromous, but strongly migratory. Feeds on small clupeids, gobies, atherines, also crustaceans and occasionally insects and mollusks. Spawning patterns among the subspecies vary but occur mostly in spring and summer after an inshore migration and movement northward.
出现于半淡咸水与非溯河洄游产卵, 但是强烈的回游性。 吃小的鲱鱼，鰕虎鱼 , atherines, 也捕食甲壳类动物与偶而吃昆虫与软体动物。 产卵在亚种之中的图案改变但是在一个近岸回游与运动北方之后大部分出现在春天与夏天。
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Various spawning patterns among the subspecies (mostly in spring and summer after an inshore migration and movement northward). 前蘇聯與亞洲: 裡海。
Whitehead, P.J.P., 1985. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 188)
人类利用
渔业: 高经济性
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00776 (0.00515 - 0.01169), b=3.01 (2.89 - 3.13), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.9 ±0.4 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 3.1 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 高度, 族群倍增时间少于 15个月 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (27 of 100).
