Gilchristella aestuaria, Gilchrist's round herring : fisheries, bait

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Gilchristella aestuaria (Gilchrist, 1913)

Gilchrist's round herring
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Gilchristella aestuaria   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Gilchristella aestuaria
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分類 / Names 共通名の | 類義語 | Catalog of Fishes(部類, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Clupeiformes (Herrings) > Ehiravidae (River sprats)
Etymology: Gilchristella: Because of John Gilchrist, father of the South African ichthyology; Cape Town, 1925.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range 生態学

海; 新鮮な水; 汽水性の; 両側回遊性. Subtropical; 25°S - 36°S, 17°E - 34°E (Ref. 188)

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Africa: Lake Piti, Mozambique, along south and east coasts of South Africa to Saldanha Bay (Ref. 188, 3509), and as far north as the Olifants River on the west coast (Ref. 7248), possibly to mouth of Orange River (Ref. 188, 3259). Also reported from Madagascar (Ref. 3509, 13333), but its presence is not confirmed; it is probably based on confusion with Sauvagella madagascariensis, while Gilchristella aestuaria does not occur in Madagascar (Ref. 33664). Reported occurrence in India (Ref. 32693) is of dubious validity (Ref. 33664). Currently a single species, but at least two forms, possibly different species, are known (Ref. 52193).

Length at first maturity / サイズ / 重さ / 年齢

Maturity: Lm 2.8, range 2 - 3 cm
Max length : 9.0 cm SL オス/雌雄の選別がない; (Ref. 52193); 最大記録サイズ: 6 年 (Ref. 7248)

簡単な記述 形態学 | 形態計測学

背面の脊椎 (合計): 0; 背鰭 (合計): 14-15; 肛門の骨 0; 臀鰭: 20. Diagnosis: Body rather compressed, belly rounded, with 6 to 9 thin unkeeled pre-pelvic scutes followed by an equally thin pelvic scute, all with slender ascending arms; no post-pelvic scutes; snout pointed, lower jaw a little prominent, with a single row of fine teeth in each jaw; posterior supra-maxilla paddle-shaped; gillrakers 39 to 76, gillrakers small but present on posterior face of third epibranchial; pelvic fin with i-7 finrays, under or a little before dorsal fin origin (Ref. 188). Resembles Spratelloides species or juvenile Etrumeus and Dussumieria, but pre-pelvic scutes present; other clupeids occuring in same area have keeled pre-pelvic and post-pelvic scutes (Ref. 188).

生物学     用語集 (例 epibenthic)

Occurs in the sea, but found mostly in estuaries; also found in landlocked brackish and freshwater lagoons (Ref. 93596), also rivers and lakes (Ref. 188). Maximum size 10 cm (Ref. 4967). Entire life cycle is completed in the estuary (Ref. 32693). Breeds throughout the year with a peak in spring and early summer (Ref. 7248, 52193). Maturity may be attained within the first or second year and an age of up to 5 or 6 years is recorded (Ref. 7248, 52193). Feeds chiefly on zooplankton by filtering or selecting individual organisms from the water column (Ref. 7248, 52193). It can tolerate salinities under 4 ppt and of up to 52.6 ppt (Ref. 32693). Utilized fresh or dried and salted (Ref. 12484).

Life cycle and mating behavior 成熟 | 繁殖 | 放精 | 卵 | 生産力 | 幼生

A semelparous species that grows to maturity and spawns in one year (Ref. 34361).

主な参考文献 Upload your references | 参考文献 | コーディネーター | 協力者

Skelton, P.H., 1993. A complete guide to the freshwater fishes of southern Africa. Southern Book Publishers. 388 p. (Ref. 7248)

IUCNのレッドリストの状況は (Ref. 130435)

  軽度懸念 (LC) ; Date assessed: 01 March 2007

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

人間に対する脅威

  Harmless





Human uses

水産業: 食糧水産; 餌: usually
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インターネットの情報源

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Estimates based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 1.0000   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00955 (0.00477 - 0.01914), b=3.06 (2.88 - 3.24), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245).
栄養段階 (Ref. 69278):  3.1   ±0.3 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
回復力 (Ref. 120179):  高い, １５か月以下の倍増期間の最小個体群 (tm=0.5).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
価格帯 (Ref. 80766):   Low.