Classification / Names
आम नाम | उपशब्द | Catalog of Fishes(वर्ग, प्रजाति) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
इलाज़मौबरांकी (शारक और रेज़) (sharks and rays) >
Myliobatiformes (Stingrays) >
Gymnuridae (Butterfly rays)
Etymology: Gymnura: Greek, gymnos = naked + Greek, oura = tail (Ref. 45335).
More on authors: Ramsay & Ogilby.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
पारिस्थितिकी
समुद्री ड़िमरसल; गहराई सीमा 250 - ? m (Ref. 114953). Tropical; 2°S - 35°S, 111°E - 155°E (Ref. 114953)
Indo-West Pacific: northern Australia and south coast of New Guinea (Refs. 9819, 114953). Also in the Arafura Sea (Ref. 9819).
Length at first maturity / आकार / वज़न / Age
Maturity: Lm 37.5, range 35 - 40 cm
Max length : 94.0 cm WD पुल्लिंग / अलिंग; (Ref. 114953); अधिकतम प्रकाशित वज़न: 7.4 kg (Ref. 114953)
A benthic species. Found on coastal to offshore on continental shelf in open sandy, muddy and silty habitat, including estuaries and intertidal zones. Mainly feeds on bony fishes (Ref. 114953). Ovoviviparous (Ref. 50449). Maturity size 35-42 cm WD (males) and 44-46 cm WD (females); hatch size 22-25 cm DW. Produces litters of 1-6 pups (Ref. 114953). Caught by shrimp trawlers.
Life cycle and mating behavior
परिपक्व अवधि | पुनरुत्पत्ति | मछलीऔ का अंडे देना | अंडे | Fecundity | लार्वा
Exhibit ovoviparity (aplacental viviparity), with embryos feeding initially on yolk, then receiving additional nourishment from the mother by indirect absorption of uterine fluid enriched with mucus, fat or protein through specialised structures (Ref. 50449). Distinct pairing with embrace (Ref. 205).
Last, P.R. and J.D. Stevens, 1994. Sharks and rays of Australia. CSIRO, Australia. 513 p. (Ref. 6871)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
मात्स्यिकी: लघु वाणिज्य
अधिक जानकारी
संदर्भजलीयकृषिजलीयकृषि रूपरेखाखींचआनुवंशिकीElectrophoresesहैरेटिबिलटीबीमारीप्रक्रमणNutrientsMass conversion
साधन
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इंटरनेट स्रोत
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 25.6 - 28.7, mean 27.7 °C (based on 360 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00776 (0.00352 - 0.01710), b=3.09 (2.89 - 3.29), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.8 ±0.6 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
लौटाव (Ref.
120179): बहुत नीचे, न्यूनतम जनसंख्या दुगनी समय अवलागत 14 महीने। (Fec assumed to be <10).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (51 of 100).