Hyporhamphus melanochir, Southern garfish : fisheries, bait

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Hyporhamphus melanochir (Valenciennes, 1847)

Southern garfish
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Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050
This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed.
Hyporhamphus melanochir   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Image of Hyporhamphus melanochir (Southern garfish)
Hyporhamphus melanochir
Picture by CSIRO

Classificatie / Names Lokale namen | Synoniemen | Catalog of Fishes(Genus, Soort(en)) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Beloniformes (Needle fishes) > Hemiramphidae (Halfbeaks)
Etymology: Hyporhamphus: Greek, hypo = under + Greek, rhamphos = beak, bill (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Valenciennes.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecologie

marien; brak water; diepte 0 - 20 m (Ref. 6390). Temperate; 27°S - 44°S

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Eastern Indian Ocean: Endemic to Australian temperate waters (Murchison River, Kalbarri in Western Australia to Eden, New South Wales, including Tasmania).

Lengte bij maturiteit / Grootte / Gewicht / Leeftijd

Maturity: Lm ?, range 25 - ? cm
Max length : 52.0 cm SL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 10988); max. gepubliceerd gewicht: 600.00 g (Ref. 6390); max. gerapporteerde leeftijd: 10 Jaren (Ref. 27011)

Korte beschrijving Morfologie | Morfometrie

Dorsale stekels (totaal): 0; Dorsale zachte stralen (totaal): 15-18; Anale stekels 0; Anale zachte stralen: 17 - 20; Wervels: 55 - 61. Gill rakers usually 33 or less on the first arch and usually 26 or less on the second arch. Relatively shorter upper and lower jaw, especially at larger sizes.

Biologie     Verklarende woordenlijst (bv. epibenthic)

Found inshore in surface waters of estuaries, bays, inlets and gulfs to a depth of about 20 m (Ref. 9563). In the South Australian gulfs, southern sea garfish may be found in deeper waters during the colder months (Ref. 27008). Generally herbivorous, seagrasses and algal filaments comprise about 75% of their food (Refs. 26551, 27013). Form schools, generally found near the surface at night and close to the bottom over seagrass beds during the day (Ref. 6390). Post-larvae or young fish less than 1-year-old live in estuaries from March to July then move to inshore marine waters, remaining there for up to 2 years (Ref. 27012).

Levenscyclus en paargedrag Maturiteit | Voortplanting | Paaien | Eieren | Fecunditeit | Larven

Viviparous (Ref. 205).

Hoofdreferentie Upload your references | Referenties | Coördinator : Collette, Bruce B. | Medewerkers

Collette, B.B., 1974. The garfishes (Hemiramphidae) of Australia and New Zealand. Records of the Australian Museum 29(2):11-105. (Ref. 10988)

Status op de Rode Lijst van het IUCN (Ref. 130435)


CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Gevaar voor de mens

  Harmless





Gebruik door de mens

Visserij: commercieel; aas: usually
FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |

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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 14.3 - 22.3, mean 17.6 °C (based on 324 cells).
Fylogenetische diversiteitsindex (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5000   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00257 (0.00115 - 0.00574), b=3.09 (2.91 - 3.27), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245).
Trofisch niveau (Ref. 69278):  2.7   ±0.27 se; based on food items.
Weerstandsvermogen (Ref. 120179):  Gemiddeld, minimale populatieverdubbelingstijd 1,4-4,4 jaar (K=0.51-0.77; tm=2-3; tmax=10).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Low to moderate vulnerability (28 of 100).
Prijsklasse (Ref. 80766):   Unknown.