分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Gobiiformes (Gobies)
鱸形目 (Gobies) >
Gobiidae (Gobies)
鰕虎魚科 (Gobies) > Gobionellinae
Etymology: Knipowitschia: Because of N.M.Knipowitsch, a zoologist and Russian ichthyologist from the Academy of Sciences. Expeditions in "Pomor" and "Pervosvanniy" ships to Azov and Black sea (1898-1908).
More on author: Berg.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋; 淡水; 半鹹淡水 居於水底的; 非產卵性溯降河的 (Ref. 46888); 深度上下限 0 - 2 m (Ref. 12215). 溫帶; 47°N - 38°N, 12°E - 61°E
Eurasia: along the coasts of Black, Azov, Caspian and Aegean seas west to Aliakmon drainage (Greece). Identity of the population along the eastern shore of Adriatic is questionable. Introduced in the Aral Sea and is now extirpated.
地中海: 亞得里亞海北部與愛琴海。 也已知來自黑海，亞速海與裡海。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 2.2, range 2 - 2.3 cm
Max length : 5.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 4696); 最大年齡: 2.00 年 (Ref. 126411)
背棘 (總數): 7; 背的軟條 (總數): 7-8; 臀棘 1; 臀鰭軟條: 7 - 9; 脊椎骨: 31 - 32. Anterior oculoscapular, preopercular, and sometimes posterior oculoscapular, canals present; body squamation complete on caudal peduncle and along at least lateral midline to axil. Males with 4-5 major vertical bars.
前面的眼肩胛骨，前鰓蓋骨, 與有時在後部的眼肩胛骨, 管呈現; 身體鱗片的排列完成在尾梗上而且沿著對葉腋的至少側部中線。 雄性有 4-5 主要的縱帶。
Inhabit fresh to hyper-saline waters (to 55 ppt) of lakes, estuaries and lagoons, in shallow areas with much weed. Feed on small crustaceans and chironomid larvae (Ref.12215); larvae of the mussel Dreissena polymorpha (Ref. 59043). Lives less than 2 years. Spawns after first winter. Eggs are attached to the roof of a cavity under stones, plant material or shells and are defended by male. Postlarvae are pelagic. (Ref.59043).
棲息於從淡水到湖，河口與潟湖的高鹽度水域 (對 55個 ppt), 在水淺的區域中有很多的雜草。 捕食小型甲殼動物與寶刀魚仔魚。
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Spawns up to 4 portions of eggs (Ref. 59043).地中海: 亞得里亞海北部與愛琴海。 也已知來自黑海，亞速海與裡海。
Miller, P.J., 1986. Gobiidae. p. 1019-1085. In P.J.P. Whitehead, M.-L. Bauchot, J.-C. Hureau, J. Nielsen and E. Tortonese (eds.) Fishes of the North-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean. Volume 3. UNESCO, Paris. (Ref. 4696)
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 14.4 - 18.7, mean 17.6 °C (based on 188 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00724 (0.00619 - 0.00848), b=3.05 (3.00 - 3.10), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.3 ±0.45 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 0.7 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 高度, 族群倍增時間少於 15個月 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
