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Teleostei >
Scombriformes (Mackerels) >
Scombridae (Mackerels, tunas, bonitos) > Scombrinae
Etymology: Scomberomorus: Latin, scomber = mackerel + Greek, moros = silly, stupid (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Mitchill.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋; 海洋洄游的 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 10 - 35 m (Ref. 26912). 亞熱帶的; 20°C - 30°C (Ref. 54882); 44°N - 19°N, 97°W - 64°W (Ref. 54882)
Western Atlantic: Canada (Ref. 5951) to Cape Cod to Miami (USA) and Gulf of Mexico coasts from Florida, USA to Yucatan, Mexico. Three species namely: Scomberomorus tritor in eastern Atlantic, Scomberomorus sierra in eastern Pacific, and Scomberomorus brasiliensis in the Caribbean and Atlantic coast of South America have often been confused with this species. Absent in the Bahamas (Ref. 26938).
西大西洋: 來自美國佛羅里達到墨西哥的尤卡坦半島的科德角到邁阿密 (美國) 與墨西哥灣海岸。 三個種即: Scomberomorus tritor 在東大西洋的, 在東太平洋 , 與在南美洲的加勒比海與大西洋海岸的 Scomberomorus brasiliensis 的 Scomberomorus 呈齒狀起伏的山脈 已經時常被與這種互相混淆。 不存在於巴哈馬。 (參考文獻 26938)
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 40.5, range 25 - 51.2 cm
Max length : 91.0 cm FL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 40637); 最大体重: 5.9 kg (Ref. 40637); 最大年龄: 5 年 (Ref. 72462)
背棘 (总数): 17 - 19; 背的软条 (总数): 17-20; 臀鳍软条: 17 - 20; 脊椎骨: 51 - 53. Interpelvic process small and bifid. Lateral line gradually curving down toward caudal peduncle. Vertebrae 21-22 precaudal plus 30-31 caudal, total 51-53. Intestine with 2 folds and 3 limbs. Swim bladder absent. Body covered with small scales. First dorsal fin black anteriorly and at distal margin posteriorly. Generally silvery with sides marked with about three rows of round to elliptical dark spots (orange in life).
腹鳍间的突起小而两裂的。 侧线逐渐地对于尾柄弯曲下来。 脊椎骨 21-22 尾前椎加上 30-31 尾部的, 总计 51-53. 肠道有 2 摺层与 3 肢翼。 泳鳔不存在。 身体覆盖着小鳞片。 第一背鳍黑色前面地在后部地而在末梢部的边缘。 通常银色的有被有显着的对椭圆的深色斑点的大约三个列的圆的侧边。 (橘色的活着时)
Migrates in large schools over great distances along the shore. Larvae are found in surface waters between 19.6° and 29.8°C with salinities of 28.3 to 37.4 ppt. Feeds mainly on small fishes (clupeoids and anchovies), few quantities of penaeoid shrimps and cephalopods. Casting, live-bait fishing, jigging, and drift fishing are also employed in capturing this species. Aerial spotting is sometimes used in locating the fish. Marketed fresh, frozen or smoked; eaten pan-fried, broiled and baked.
在大群鱼群中回游长距离沿着海岸。 仔鱼用 28.3 到 37.4个 ppt 的盐度被发现于在 19.6个 ° 与 29.8 °C 之间的水表面。 主要吃小鱼 (鲱鱼与 鱼) ， 少量的对虾与头足类动物。 投掷，活饵钓鱼，跳跃与漂流物钓鱼也被功能为取得这种。 聚光灯有时被用于找出鱼。 在市场上销售生鲜地了,冻结或烟熏; 吃油锅炸的，火烤的与烧烤的。
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
西大西洋: 來自美國佛羅里達到墨西哥的尤卡坦半島的科德角到邁阿密 (美國) 與墨西哥灣海岸。 三個種即: Scomberomorus tritor 在東大西洋的, 在東太平洋 , 與在南美洲的加勒比海與大西洋海岸的 Scomberomorus brasiliensis 的 Scomberomorus 呈齒狀起伏的山脈 已經時常被與這種互相混淆。 不存在於巴哈馬。 (參考文獻 26938)
Collette, B.B. and C.E. Nauen, 1983. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 2. Scombrids of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of tunas, mackerels, bonitos and related species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(2):137 p. (Ref. 168)
人类利用
渔业: 高经济性; 游钓鱼种: 是的
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 22.9 - 26.8, mean 24.1 °C (based on 132 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00794 (0.00647 - 0.00975), b=3.02 (2.98 - 3.06), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 4.5 ±0.5 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 3.3 (2.4 - 5.5) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 11
growth studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.2-0.38; tm=2-3; Fec=280,000).
Prior r = 0.68, 95% CL = 0.45 - 1.02, Based on 2 stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (39 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): High vulnerability (63 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 21.4 [8.9, 76.1] mg/100g; Iron = 0.795 [0.336, 1.892] mg/100g; Protein = 21.3 [20.0, 22.6] %; Omega3 = 0.362 [0.222, 0.615] g/100g; Selenium = 20.7 [7.1, 67.3] μg/100g; VitaminA = 17.7 [3.8, 87.6] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.468 [0.294, 0.797] mg/100g (wet weight);
