Azurina eupalama, Galapagos damsel
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Azurina eupalama Heller & Snodgrass, 1903

Galapagos damsel
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Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050
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Azurina eupalama   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Image of Azurina eupalama (Galapagos damsel)
Azurina eupalama
Picture by Grove, J.S. (Grove & Lavenberg, 1997)

Classification / Names Nomi Comuni | Sinonimi | Catalog of Fishes(Genere, Specie) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Ovalentaria/misc (Various families in series Ovalentaria) > Pomacentridae (Damselfishes) > Chrominae
Etymology: Azurina: Latin, azurinus = blue, pale blue; the name of Leuciscus caeruleus, blue Roach; 1600 (Ref. 45335).

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecologia

marino associati a barriera corallina; non migratori; distribuzione batimetrica 5 - 30 m (Ref. 28023). Tropical; 1°N - 1°S

Distribuzione Stati | Aree FAO | Ecosystems | Presenze | Point map | Introduzioni | Faunafri

Eastern Central Pacific: Cocos and the Galapagos Islands. This species has not been seen since the 1982/83 El Niño event (Ref. 27438).

Size / Peso / Age

Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 15.0 cm SL maschio/sesso non determinato; (Ref. 28023)

Short description Morfologia | Morfometria

Spine dorsali (totale): 13; Raggi dorsali molli (totale): 10-11; Spine anali 2; Raggi anali molli: 11 - 12. Color olive-gray with a light-blue tint, silver on the ventral side; snout dusky, a black spot at pectoral fin base; pale gray pelvic and anal fins, dusky dorsal fin. Body more slender compared to other Galápagos damselfish. Preorbital bone smooth without a notchlike projection; edge of preopercle irregular, weakly serrate. Lateral line complete and conspicuous (Ref. 28023).

Biologia     Glossario (es. epibenthic)

Apparently this species prefers open water near drop-offs, although individuals are found in a variety of inshore habitats to depths of 30 meters. It is not a common species and resident aggregations have strong preferences for specific sites. Feeds mainly on plankton in the water column, usually in heterotypic aggregations with Chromis atrilobata. Oviparous, distinct pairing during breeding (Ref. 205). Eggs are demersal and adhere to the substrate (Ref. 205). Males guard and aerate the eggs (Ref. 205). Prior to the 1982-83 El Niño, a small aggregation frequented the shallow water just west of Pinnacle Rock at Bartolomé. But despite intensive observations during the decade after this event, no records of this species were made (Ref. 28023).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturità | Riproduzione | Deposizione | Uova | Fecundity | Larve

Oviparous, distinct pairing during breeding (Ref. 205). Eggs are demersal and adhere to the substrate (Ref. 205). Males guard and aerate the eggs (Ref. 205).

Main reference Upload your references | Bibliografia | Coordinatore : Allen, Gerald R. | Collaboratori

Grove, J.S. and R.J. Lavenberg, 1997. The fishes of the Galápagos Islands. Stanford University Press, Stanford, 863 p. (Ref. 28023)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

  Critically Endangered (CR) (C2a(ii)); Date assessed: 16 September 2022

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

  Harmless





Human uses

FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |

Informazioni ulteriori

Stati
Aree FAO
Ecosystems
Presenze
Introduzioni
Stocks
Ecologia
Dieta
Prede
Consumo di cibo
Razione
Nomi Comuni
Sinonimi
Metabolismo
Predatori
Ecotossicologia
Riproduzione
Maturità
Deposizione
Spawning aggregation
Fecundity
Uova
Egg development
Age/Size
Accrescimento
Length-weight
Length-length
Length-frequencies
Morfometria
Morfologia
Larve
Dinamica popolazioni larvali
Reclutamento
Abbondanza
BRUVS
Bibliografia
Acquacoltura
Profilo di acquacoltura
Varietà
Genetica
Electrophoreses
Ereditarietà
Malattie
Elaborazione
Nutrients
Mass conversion
Collaboratori
Immagini
Stamps, Coins Misc.
Suoni
Ciguatera
Velocità
Modalità di nuoto
Area branchiale
Otoliths
Cervelli
Vista

Strumenti

Special reports

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Fonti Internet

AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | BOLDSystems | Websites from users | Check FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: Genere, Specie | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GenBank: genome, nucleotide | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | Tree of Life | Wikipedia: Go, ricerca | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoobank | Zoological Record

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 23.7 - 24.5, mean 23.9 °C (based on 9 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.7500   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01259 (0.00579 - 0.02736), b=3.03 (2.84 - 3.22), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245).
Trophic level (Ref. 69278):  3.4   ±0.45 se; based on food items.
Resilienza (Ref. 120179):  Medio, tempo minimo di raddoppiamento della popolazione 1.4 - 4.4 anni (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Low vulnerability (10 of 100).