分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria)
鱸形目 (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Haemulidae (Grunts)
仿石鱸科 (Grunts) > Haemulinae
Etymology: Haemulon: Greek, haimaleos = bloody (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Shaw.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 礁區魚類; 深度上下限 0 - 30 m (Ref. 9626), usually 0 - 20 m (Ref. 9626). 亞熱帶的; 33°N - 19°S, 98°W - 34°W
Western Atlantic: Florida, USA to Brazil, including the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea.
西大西洋: 美國佛羅里達到巴西, 包括墨西哥灣與加勒比海。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 18.5, range 14 - ? cm
Max length : 46.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 26340); common length : 25.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 3798); 最大體重: 750.00 g (Ref. 5217); 最大年齡: 12 年 (Ref. 72479)
背棘 (總數): 12; 背的軟條 (總數): 16-17; 臀棘 3; 臀鰭軟條: 9. Head and body yellow with narrow blue stripes continuing along length of body; stripe under eye with distinctive arch. Spiny dorsal fin yellow; soft dorsal and caudal fins blackish; anal fin dusky yellow (Ref. 26938). Scale rows below lateral line slightly oblique, yellow with blue stripes (Ref. 13442).
頭部與身體黃色的有繼續的狹窄的藍色斑紋沿著體長; 眼睛下面的斑紋有特殊的弓。 刺狀的背鰭黃色; 軟的背鰭與尾鰭鰭黑色的; 臀鰭暗黃色.(參考文獻 26938) 鱗片列在側線下些微斜, 黃色的有藍色的斑紋.(參考文獻 13442)
Found in small groups over coral and rocky reefs and drop-offs (Ref. 9710). Juveniles are abundant in Thalassia beds (Ref. 5217). Feeds on crustaceans, bivalves, and occasionally on small fishes. Marketed fresh.
形成小群魚群珊瑚礁與岩礁之上與海峭壁.(參考文獻 9710) 稚魚在泰來草床中很豐富。 (參考文獻 5217) 吃甲殼動物，二枚貝, 與偶然地捕食小魚。 在市場上銷售生鮮地了。
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Oviparous, distinct pairing during breeding (Ref. 205).西大西洋: 美國佛羅里達到巴西, 包括墨西哥灣與加勒比海。
Courtenay, W.R. and H.F. Sahlman, 1978. Pomadasyidae. In W. Fischer (ed.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Western Central Atlantic (Fishing Area 31), Volume 4. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 3798)
人類使用
漁業: 低經濟; 水族館: 公眾的水族館
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 25.5 - 28, mean 27.3 °C (based on 280 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01514 (0.01212 - 0.01890), b=2.99 (2.95 - 3.03), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.2 se; based on diet studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.22-0.30; tm=2; Fec=47,000).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (35 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 24.7 [8.7, 58.5] mg/100g; Iron = 0.564 [0.281, 1.061] mg/100g; Protein = 20.1 [18.2, 21.9] %; Omega3 = 0.192 [0.095, 0.353] g/100g; Selenium = 13.8 [6.9, 27.4] μg/100g; VitaminA = 44.2 [16.5, 127.4] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.756 [0.485, 1.219] mg/100g (wet weight);
