分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria)
鱸形目 (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Haemulidae (Grunts)
仿石鱸科 (Grunts) > Haemulinae
Etymology: Haemulon: Greek, haimaleos = bloody (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Poey.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 礁區魚類; 深度上下限 3 - 25 m (Ref. 9626). 亞熱帶的; 33°N - 34°S, 98°W - 34°W
Western Atlantic: southern Florida (USA), Bahamas, and Yucatan, Mexico to Brazil; including the Gulf of Mexico and the entire Caribbean Sea (Ref. 9626).
西大西洋: 佛羅里達南部 (美國) ，巴哈馬與墨西哥的尤卡坦半島到巴西; 包括墨西哥灣與整個的加勒比海。 (參考文獻 9626)
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 36.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 7251); common length : 20.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 3798)
背棘 (總數): 12; 背的軟條 (總數): 15-16; 臀棘 3; 臀鰭軟條: 8. Pale gray above; belly darker gray. Yellow stripes along side; bronze-yellow stripes and spots on head (Ref. 26938). Snout and fins primarily brownish (Ref. 13442).
灰白色上方; 腹面深灰色。 沿著側邊的黃色斑紋; 在頭部上的青銅色到黃色的斑紋與斑點.(參考文獻 26938) 吻與鰭主要褐色.(參考文獻 13442)
Occurs in clear rocky or coral reefs (Ref. 5217) and mangroves (Ref. 26340). Often forming schools (Ref. 3798). Nocturnal feeder on crabs, gastropods, starfish and annelid worms (Ref. 5521). Marketed fresh (Ref. 3798).
出現於清澈的岩礁或珊瑚礁 (參考文獻 5217) 與紅樹林。 (參考文獻 26340) 時常形成群體。 (參考文獻 3798) 夜行的捕食螃蟹，腹足動物，海星與環節動物蠕蟲.(參考文獻 5521) 在市場上銷售生鮮地了。 (參考文獻 3798)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Oviparous, distinct pairing during breeding (Ref. 205).西大西洋: 佛羅里達南部 (美國) ，巴哈馬與墨西哥的尤卡坦半島到巴西; 包括墨西哥灣與整個的加勒比海。 (參考文獻 9626)
Cervigón, F., 1993. Los peces marinos de Venezuela. Volume 2. Fundación Científica Los Roques, Caracas,Venezuela. 497 p. (Ref. 9626)
人類使用
漁業: 低經濟; 水族館: 公眾的水族館
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 26.3 - 28.2, mean 27.5 °C (based on 658 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01622 (0.00906 - 0.02903), b=2.99 (2.84 - 3.14), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.7 ±0.2 se; based on diet studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (26 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 27.7 [9.4, 68.4] mg/100g; Iron = 0.569 [0.282, 1.083] mg/100g; Protein = 20.1 [18.2, 21.9] %; Omega3 = 0.2 [0.1, 0.4] g/100g; Selenium = 12.1 [5.9, 24.5] μg/100g; VitaminA = 55.8 [20.2, 164.9] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.784 [0.496, 1.273] mg/100g (wet weight);
