分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Holocentriformes (Squirrelfishes, soldierfishes)
金眼鯛目 (Squirrelfishes, soldierfishes) >
Holocentridae (Squirrelfishes, soldierfishes) > Holocentrinae
Etymology: Holocentrus: Greek, holos = full + Greek, kentron = sting (Ref. 45335).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 礁区鱼类; 深度上下限 0 - 180 m (Ref. 26938), usually 8 - 30 m (Ref. 3156). 亞熱帶的; 37°N - 25°S, 97°W - 13°E
Western Atlantic: North Carolina, USA and Bermuda to Brazil, including the Gulf of Mexico and throughout the West Indies and Caribbean shores (Ref. 3724). Eastern Atlantic: Sao Tome Island and Gabon to Angola (Ref. 51178) and St. Paul's Rocks, St. Helena and Ascension Island (Ref. 6537).
西大西洋: 美國北卡羅萊那州與百慕達群島到巴西, 包括墨西哥灣與在西印度群島與加勒比海的海岸各處.(參考文獻 3724) 東大西洋: 加彭，安哥拉，聖保羅岩礁，聖赫勒拿島與阿森松島.(參考文獻 6537)
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 14.6 range ? - 16.64 cm
Max length : 61.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 3634); common length : 25.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 5217)
背棘 (总数): 11; 背的软条 (总数): 15-16; 臀棘 4; 臀鳍软条: 9 - 10. Tip of membranes of spinous dorsal fin reddish or translucent, not whitish; posterior margin of upper jaw reaching posterior margin of pupil (Ref. 13608). Spiny and soft parts of dorsal fin nearly separate, but connected by low membrane (Ref. 26938). Dull red or pinkish, sometimes blotched (Ref. 7251).
刺状背鳍的薄膜的顶端淡红或半透明的, 不是微白色; 上颌的后缘达到瞳孔的后缘。 (参考文献 13608) 刺状的与背鳍的软棘部位几乎分开, 但是被低薄膜连接.(参考文献 26938) 暗红色或略带桃色的, 有时大斑点.(参考文献 7251)
Occurs in shallow coral reefs, as well as deeper offshore waters (Ref. 3724). A nocturnal species, hiding in deep crevices or under coral ledges during the day; at night it usually moves over sand and grass beds, taking mainly crabs and other small crustaceans (Ref. 3634). Capable of producing sounds (Ref. 6537). Spawning documented as far north as North Carolina in May (Ref. 27549). Marketed fresh (Ref. 3724).
出现于水浅的珊瑚礁, 以及较深的离岸水域.(参考文献 3724) 一个夜行的种, 藏在深的裂隙中或在珊瑚岩架下面在白天期间; 它通常移动沙子之上与草床, 主要地带螃蟹与其他的小型甲壳动物在晚上。 (参考文献 3634) 能够发出声音。 (参考文献 6537) 在市场上销售生鲜地了。 (参考文献 3724)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
西大西洋: 美國北卡羅萊那州與百慕達群島到巴西, 包括墨西哥灣與在西印度群島與加勒比海的海岸各處.(參考文獻 3724) 東大西洋: 加彭，安哥拉，聖保羅岩礁，聖赫勒拿島與阿森松島.(參考文獻 6537)
Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)
人类利用
渔业: 低经济; 水族馆: 公众的水族馆
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参考文献养殖养殖信息品种遗传学Electrophoreses遗传率疾病加工NutrientsMass conversion
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 23.4 - 28, mean 26.1 °C (based on 472 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01622 (0.01297 - 0.02028), b=2.97 (2.91 - 3.03), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.1 ±0.3 se; based on diet studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (44 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 21.1 [9.3, 54.2] mg/100g; Iron = 0.544 [0.219, 1.093] mg/100g; Protein = 19.2 [18.0, 20.3] %; Omega3 = 0.231 [0.095, 0.539] g/100g; Selenium = 23.2 [12.7, 44.7] μg/100g; VitaminA = 30.6 [10.8, 90.6] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.719 [0.446, 1.132] mg/100g (wet weight);
