Main Ref. | Fitch, J.E., 1974 |
Mode | dioecism |
Fertilization | external |
Mating type | promiscuity |
Spawning frequency | one clear seasonal peak per year |
Spawning aggregation | Yes. Ref. SCRFA, Science and Conservation of Fish Aggregations, 2018 |
Batch spawner | Yes. Ref. Shanks, A.L. and G.L. Eckert, 2005 |
Reproductive guild |
nonguarders open water/substratum egg scatterers |
Parental Care | none |
Description of life cycle and mating behavior | Pelagic spawner (Ref. 56049). Spawning aggregations are a significant component of the reproductive behavior of this species (Ref. 59326). Also Ref. 103751. |
Search for more references on reproduction | Scirus |