Hemibagrus menoda (Hamilton, 1822)
Menoda catfish
photo by Hossain, M.A.R.

Family:  Bagridae (Bagrid catfishes)
Max. size:  45 cm TL (male/unsexed)
Environment:  demersal; freshwater
Distribution:  Asia: Ganges, Brahmaputra, Mahanadi and Godavari river drainages in Bangladesh and northern India (Ref. 41209). Reported from Nepal (Ref. 6351).
Diagnosis:  Dorsal spines (total): 2-2; Dorsal soft rays (total): 7-7; Anal soft rays: 12-13; Vertebrae: 44-45. Distinguished from its congeners by the following unique combination of characters: head length 32.7-33.5% SL, head depth 14.2-15.3% SL, depth of caudal peduncle 7.5-8.8% SL, eye diameter 11.9-12.3% HL, a pattern of dark dots arranged in vertical columns on the sides of the body, a convex snout and a broad, shallowly incised humeral process (Ref. 41209).
Biology:  Inhabits rivers and ponds in plains and submontane regions (Ref. 41236). It is usually dug out from the bottom of ponds where they lie buried in soft, wet clay.
IUCN Red List Status: Least Concern (LC); Date assessed: 05 October 2009 Ref. (130435)
Threat to humans:  harmless


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