| Main Ref. | Chao, L.N. and E. Trewavas, 1990 |
|---|---|
| Anmärkningar | Coastal species (Ref. 27000). Inhabits rocky and sandy bottoms (Ref. 2683). Juveniles may occur in littoral areas (Ref. 3593). Occasional in estuaries (Ref. 122509). Associated with Cymodocea nodosa seagrass meadows (Ref. 122894). Feeds on shrimps, worms and other bottom-dwelling invertebrates (Ref. 3593). |
| Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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| Substrate | Soft Bottom: sand; Hard Bottom: rocky; |
|---|---|
| Substrate Ref. | Schneider, W., 1990 |
| Special habitats | Coral Reefs; |
| Special habitats Ref. | Almada, V.C., M. Henriques and E.J. Gonçalves, 1999 |
| Ref. | |
|---|---|
| Associations | |
| Associated with | |
| Association remarks | |
| Parasitism |
| Typ av föda | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
|---|---|
| Feeding type Ref. | Chao, L.N., 1986 |
| Födosöksstrategi | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
| Feeding habit Ref. | Chao, L.N., 1986 |
| Estimation method | Ursprungligt prov | Ofiskad population | Kommentar | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
| Från födosammansättning | |||||
| Från individuella födoämnen | 3.38 | 0.42 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
| Ref. | |||||