You can sponsor this page

Polyodon spathula (Walbaum, 1792)

Mississippi paddlefish
Upload your photos and videos
Pictures | Stamps, Coins Misc. | Google image
Image of Polyodon spathula (Mississippi paddlefish)
Polyodon spathula
Picture by Moreau, J.


United States (contiguous states) country information

Common names: Mississippi paddlefish, Paddlefish
Occurrence: native
Salinity: freshwater
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: commercial | Ref: Missouri Department of Conservation, 2008
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: gamefish: yes;
Comments: Known from Mississippi River basin from southwestern New York to Montana and south to Louisiana; Gulf Slope drainagaes from Mobile Bay in Alabama, to Galveston Bay in Texas. Formerly in Great Lakes basin, probably extirpated (Ref. 86798). Also 276, 5723, 10294. Status of threat: vulnerable; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1,2 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264).
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html
National Fisheries Authority: http://www.nmfs.gov
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Page, L.M. and B.M. Burr, 2011
National Database:

Common names from other countries

Classification / Names Κοινά ονόματα | Συνώνυμα | Catalog of Fishes(Γένος, Είδη) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Acipenseriformes (Sturgeons and paddlefishes) > Polyodontidae (Paddlefishes)
Etymology: Polyodon: Greek, polys = a lot of + Greek, odous = teeth (Ref. 45335);  spathula: Polyodon, many toothed, perhaps due to the numerous gill rakers because adult paddlefish lack teeth, although young fish has many small teeth, and spathula meaning spatula, due to its elongated snout (Ref. 79012).
  More on author: Walbaum.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Οικολογία

; Γλυκού νερού βενθικό(ς); ποταμόδρομος (Ref. 51243); εύρος βάθους 2 - ? m.   Subtropical; 10°C - 18°C (Ref. 2060); 49°N - 29°N, 112°W - 77°W (Ref. 86798)

Κατανομή Χώρες | Περιοχές FAO | Οικοσυστήματα | Παρουσίες | Point map | Εισαγωγές | Faunafri

North America: Mississippi River basin from southwestern New York to Montana and south to Louisiana; Gulf Slope drainagaes from Mobile Bay in Alabama, to Galveston Bay in Texas, USA. Formerly in Great Lakes basin, probably extirpated. At least one country reports adverse ecological impact after introduction.

Μέγεθος / Βάρος / Age

Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 221 cm TL αρσενικό/απροσδιόριστο; (Ref. 86798); common length : 120 cm TL αρσενικό/απροσδιόριστο; (Ref. 12193); μεγ. δημοσιευμένο βάρος: 90.7 kg (Ref. 3221); μεγ. αναφερόμενη ηλικία: 55 έτη (Ref. 46974)

Short description Μορφολογία | Μορφομετρία

Snout long, canoe-paddle-shaped; gill cover with large, fleshy, pointed flap (Ref. 86798).

Βιολογία     Γλωσσάρι (π.χ. epibenthic)

Usually inhabits water deeper than 1.2 m in slow-flowing large rivers, lakes, and impoundments (Ref. 86798). Feeds on plankton. The extended upper jaw (= paddle) may help to channel plankton into the mouth. Threatened due to over harvesting, habitat loss and pollution (Ref. 58490).

Life cycle and mating behavior Γεννητική Ωρίμανση | Αναπαραγωγή | Γεννοβολία | Αβγά | Γονιμότητα | Προνύμφες

Main reference Upload your references | Αναφορές | Συντονιστής | Συνεργάτες

Page, L.M. and B.M. Burr, 2011. A field guide to freshwater fishes of North America north of Mexico. Boston : Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 663p. (Ref. 86798)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

  Ευάλωτο, βλέπε Κόκκινη Λίστα (VU) (A2cd); Date assessed: 14 September 2019

CITES (Ref. 128078)


CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans





Human uses

αλιεία: Εμπορικό(ά); Ενυδρείο: Δημόσια ενυδρεία
FAO(αλιεία: Παραγωγή, species profile; publication : search) | FishSource |

Περισσότερες πληροφορίες

Αναφορές
Υδατοκαλλιέργειες
Προφίλ υδατοκαλλιέργειας
Στελέχοι
Γενετική
Electrophoreses
Κληρονομικότητα
Ασθένειες
Μεταποίηση
Mass conversion
Συνεργάτες
Φωτογραφίες
Stamps, Coins Misc.
Ήχοι
Σιγκουατέρα
Ταχύτητα
Κολυμβητικός Τύπος
Επιφάνεια βραγχίων
Otoliths
Εγκέφαλοι
Όραση

Εργαλεία

Special reports

Download XML

Διαδικτυακές πηγές

Estimates based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 1.2500   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00646 (0.00430 - 0.00969), b=3.09 (2.98 - 3.20), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).
Τροφικό Επίπεδο (Ref. 69278):  3.4   ±0.45 se; based on food items.
Ελαστικότητα (Ref. 120179):  Χαμηλό, ελάχιστος χρόνος για διπλασιασμό πληθυσμού 4,5 - 14 έτη (tm=6-9; tmax=30).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Very high vulnerability (90 of 100).
Price category (Ref. 80766):   Unknown.