You can sponsor this page

Rostroraja alba (Lacepède, 1803)

White skate
添加你自己的观测位置在 Fish Watcher
Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050
This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed.
Rostroraja alba   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
上传你的 图片 和 影像
Pictures | 谷歌图片
Image of Rostroraja alba (White skate)
Rostroraja alba
Picture by Østergaard, T.


South Africa country information

Common names: Bottlenose skate, Spearnose skate, Spiesneus-rog
Occurrence: native
Salinity: marine
Abundance: common (usually seen) | Ref: Compagno, L.J.V., D.A. Ebert and M.J. Smale, 1989
Importance: minor commercial | Ref: van der Elst, R., 1993
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: restricted | Ref: van der Elst, R., 1993
Uses: gamefish: yes;
Comments: Occurs througout the coast. Found on shallow, sandy bottoms off the Cape coast; close inshore in intertidal and subtidal in shallow bays in the western Cape; and at depths of 30 to 366 m depth in Natal. Caught by shore and skiboat anglers and commercial trawlers. Spearfishing of this species is illegal in Natal (Ref. 12484). Also Ref. 4426.
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/sf.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Ebert, D.A., S.P. Wintner and P.M. Kyne, 2021
National Database:

Common names from other countries

分类 / Names 俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(, ) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Elasmobranchii 板鳃亚纲 (鲨鱼与 鱼) (sharks and rays) > Rajiformes (Skates and rays) > Rajidae (Skates)
Etymology: Rostroraja: Latin, rostrum = beak + Latin, raja, -ae = a sting ray (Ref. 45335).
  More on author: Lacepède.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range 生态学

海洋 居于水底的; 深度上下限 30 - 600 m (Ref. 6808), usually 50 - 500 m (Ref. 26999).   亞熱帶的; 56°N - 37°S, 19°W - 23°E

分布 国家 | FAO区域 | 生态系 | 标本纪录 | Point map | 简介 | Faunafri

Eastern Atlantic and southwest Indian Ocean (British Isles to Mozambique) and the Mediterranean Sea.
東大西洋: 愛爾蘭與英格蘭在南方的沿著海岬 (南非) 到莫三比克中部 (參考文獻 5578), 包括地中海西部 (到突尼西亞與希臘西部).

大小 / 重量 / 年龄

Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 230 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 11284); 202.0 cm TL (female)

简单描述 检索表 | 型态特徵 | 形态测量图

A giant skate with a broad-based, abruptly narrow-tipped snout covered with small, sharp thorns; pectoral disc angular, and no thorns on nape or back, but three rows of large thorns on tail (Ref. 5578). Larger immature and adult individuals grey with numerous small white spots above, underside white with no black pores; hatchlings plain reddish-brown above, often with blue spots, and white below with broad dusky grey margins on disc (Ref. 5578).
一个庞大的 鱼具有一个基底宽的, 覆盖着小且利的刺顶端非常窄的吻; 胸盘有角的, 与没有在后颈或背面上的刺, 但是三列的在尾部上的大的刺.(参考文献 5578) 比较大的不成熟的与成鱼个体灰色的有很多的白色小斑点上方, 腹面白色的具有没有黑色的孔; 人工孵化出之鱼苗背面全红褐色的, 时常有蓝色的斑点, 与腹面白色的在体盘上有宽的暗灰色的边缘.(参考文献 5578)

生物学特性     字汇 (例如 epibenthic)

Inhabit shelf and slope waters (Ref. 4426). Found on sand and rock-sand bottom (Ref. 6808). A bottom-predator of bony fishes, other elasmobranchs, fish offal, crabs, shrimps, mysids, octopi, and cuttlefish (Ref. 5578). Minimum depth reported taken from Ref. 4426. Maximum length for female is 202 cm (Ref. 41333). Oviparous. Distinct pairing with embrace. Young may tend to follow large objects, such as their mother (Ref. 205). Eggs are oblong capsules with stiff pointed horns at the corners deposited in sandy or muddy flats (Ref. 205). Egg capsules are 12.5-18.3 cm long and 10.0-13.9 cm wide (Ref. 41250). About 55-156 eggs are produced per individual annually (Ref. 41250).

栖息于大陆架及大陆斜坡水域。 (参考文献 4426) 栖息于沙子与岩石了-砂质底部.(参考文献 6808) 一底层掠食动物捕食硬骨鱼类,其他的板鳃类,鱼碎肉,螃蟹,虾,糠虾,章鱼与墨鱼.(参考文献 5578) 最小深度报告取自参考文献 4426. 最大的母鱼体长是 202 公分。 (参考文献 41333) 卵生的。 明显的成对出现。 幼鱼可能倾向跟随大的个体, 例如他们的母亲.(参考文献 205) 卵为长方形鞘囊具有僵硬的触角沈积在沙滩或泥滩的角落.(参考文献 205) 卵鞘是 12.5-18.3 公分长与 10.0-13.9 公分宽的.(参考文献 41250) 大约 55-156个卵每年每个体生产。 (参考文献 41250)

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔鱼

Oviparous, paired eggs are laid. Embryos feed solely on yolk (Ref. 50449). Eggs are laid in huge cases and take up to 18 months to hatch (Ref. 5578). Distinct pairing with embrace. Young may tend to follow large objects, such as their mother (Ref. 205).東大西洋: 愛爾蘭與英格蘭在南方的沿著海岬 (南非) 到莫三比克中部 (參考文獻 5578), 包括地中海西部 (到突尼西亞與希臘西部).

主要参考文献 Upload your references | 参考文献 | 合作者 : McEachran, John | 合作者

McEachran, J.D. and K.A. Dunn, 1998. Phylogenetic analysis of skates, a morphologically conservative clade of elasmobranchs (Chondrichthyes: Rajidae). Copeia 1998(2):271-290. (Ref. 27314)

世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435)

  濒危 (EN) (A2cd+4cd); Date assessed: 31 January 2006

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

对人类的威胁

  引起创伤的 (Ref. 5578)




人类利用

渔业: 低经济; 游钓鱼种: 是的
FAO(Publication : search) | FishSource | 周边海洋

更多信息

Trophic ecology
食物相
Diet compositions
Food consumptions
Food rations
捕食者
Ecology
生态学
Home ranges
Population dynamics
Growths
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
体长-频率
Mass conversions
Recruitments
Abundances
Life cycle
繁殖
Maturities
Fecundities
Spawnings
Spawning aggregations
Egg(s)
Egg developments
仔鱼
稚鱼动力学
Distribution
国家
FAO区域
生态系
标本纪录
简介
BRUVS - Videos
Anatomy
Gill areas
脑重体重比
Otoliths
Physiology
Body compositions
Nutrients
Oxygen consumptions
游泳类型
Swimming speeds
Visual pigment(s)
鱼的声音
Diseases / Parasites
Toxicities (LC50s)
Genetics
遗传学
Electrophoreses
Heritabilities
Human related
Aquaculture systems
水产养殖描述
品种
Ciguatera cases
Stamps, coins, misc.
Outreach
合作者
Taxonomy
俗名
同种异名
型态特徵
形态测量图
照片
References
参考文献

工具

特别资料

下载 XML

网络资源

Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | Websites from users | 核实 FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes(, ) | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | Faunafri | Fishtrace | GenBank(基因组, 核苷酸) | GloBI | GOBASE | | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | 国家资料库 | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Scirus | SeaLifeBase | 树状分类阶层 | Wikipedia(转至, 搜寻) | World Records Freshwater Fishing | 动物学的记录

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 8.8 - 17.5, mean 13.5 (based on 474 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 1.0000   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00269 (0.00232 - 0.00313), b=3.22 (3.18 - 3.26), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).
营养阶层 (Ref. 69278):  4.4   ±0.83 se; based on food items.
回复力 (Ref. 120179):  低的, 最小族群倍增时间4.5 - 14 年 (Fec=55).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Very high vulnerability (90 of 100).
价格分类 (Ref. 80766):   Medium.