South Africa country information

Common names: Glassnosed anchovy, Orangemouth glassnose, Oranjebek-glasneus
Occurrence: native
Salinity: brackish
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: no regulations | Ref: van der Elst, R., 1993
Uses: live export: yes;
Comments: Known from Indian Ocean south to Port Alfred (Ref. 189, 5430, 12484). Large numbers are netted in discoloured water off Durban from August to November (Ref. 12484).
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/sf.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Whitehead, P.J.P. and T. Wongratana, 1986
National Database:

Common names from other countries

أنشوفة-شارب بِلَّوْر, 黄吻棱鳀, Anchois-moustache cristal, ... more

Classificatie / Names Lokale namen | Synoniemen | Catalog of Fishes(Genus, Soort(en)) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Clupeiformes (Herrings) > Engraulidae (Anchovies) > Coiliinae
Etymology: More on authors: Gilchrist & Thompson.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecologie

marien; brak water; diepte 0 - 50 m (Ref. 189). Tropical; 31°N - 40°S, 20°W - 88°E (Ref. 189)

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Western Indian Ocean: from the east coast of Africa, Kenya to Natal, South Africa, and Madagascar.

Grootte / Gewicht / Leeftijd

Maturity: L_m ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 22.0 cm TL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 5430)

Korte beschrijving Morfologie | Morfometrie

Dorsale stekels (totaal): 0; Dorsale zachte stralen (totaal): 13-14; Anale stekels 0; Anale zachte stralen: 34 - 44; Wervels: 43 - 45. Diagnosis: Body compressed, belly with 16-19 pre-pelvic and 8-12 post-pelvic scutes, a total of 24-30 keeled scutes from isthmus to anus; maxilla long, reaching beyond base of first pectoral finray; first supra-maxilla a minute oval; lower gillrakers 18-24, the serrae on the inner edge in distinct clumps in larger fishes; anal fin with 3-4 unbranched rays and 31-40 branched rays; a dark blotch behind upper part of gill opening; inside of gill cavity bright orange (Ref. 189). This species overlaps the range of different other species of Thryssa, of which five have a similar maxilla, very small first supra-maxilla and overlapping gillraker counts; however of these five species, T. gautamiensis, T. malabarica, T. purava and T. whiteheadi all have the tip of the snout at or above the level of the centre of the eye, and the last two, plus T. stenosoma, have at least 38 branched anal finrays (Ref. 189).

A coastal, pelagic species (Ref. 28), apparently common along shore and in estuaries (Ref. 5430). Presumably schooling, occurring inshore and entering estuaries and lagoons, perhaps used as nursery areas, but moving further out in rainy seasons when coastal waters are freshened up by rivers (Ref. 189). It feeds on plankton organisms (Ref. 28). May be caught using ringnets (Ref. 5213). Generally marketed fresh, may be salted or dried (Ref. 5284).

Levenscyclus en paargedrag Maturiteit | Voortplanting | Paaien | Eieren | Fecunditeit | Larven

Hoofdreferentie Upload your references | Referenties | Coördinator | Medewerkers

Hata, H. and H. Motomura, 2019. Two new species of Thrissina (Clupeiformes: Engraulidae) from the northern Indian Ocean and redescription of Thrissina vitrirostris (Gilchrist and Thompson 1908). Ichthyol. Res. 67(1):155-166 (Ref. 128122)

Status op de Rode Lijst van het IUCN (Ref. 130435)

Niet bedreigd (LC) ; Date assessed: 09 March 2020

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Gevaar voor de mens

Harmless

Gebruik door de mens

Visserij: van minder commercieel belang; aas: usually

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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 24.6 - 29.3, mean 27.4 (based on 294 cells).

Fylogenetische diversiteitsindex (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00513 (0.00307 - 0.00858), b=3.15 (3.01 - 3.29), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245).

Trofisch niveau (Ref. 69278): 3.4 ±0.5 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives

Weerstandsvermogen (Ref. 120179): Hoog, minimale populatieverdubbelingstijd minder dan 15 maanden (K=0.5).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Low vulnerability (24 of 100).

Prijsklasse (Ref. 80766): Medium.

Thrissina vitrirostris (Gilchrist & Thompson, 1908)