Russian Federation country information

Common names: Kolezen, Maksun, Moksun
Occurrence: native
Salinity: freshwater
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments: Distributed in all of the large rivers from the Kara River in the west to the Kolyma River in the east. A land-locked form is known in the Norilsk lakes (Ref. 26334). This has been translocated to areas within the country for aquaculture and stocking in open waters however, it failed to establish populations in areas where it has been transplanted to (Ref. 45022). Also Ref. 43202, 59043. EurRus
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/rs.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Berg, L.S., 1962
National Database:

Common names from other countries

Муксун, טרוטנית ארקטית, 穆森白鲑, ... more

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> Salmoniformes (Salmons) > Salmonidae (Salmonids) > Coregoninae
Etymology: Coregonus: Greek, kore = pupils of the eye + Greek, gonia = angle (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Pallas.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecologie

marien; zoet water; brak water benthopelagisch; anadroom (Ref. 51243). Polar; 78°N - 63°N, 58°E - 163°E

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Arctic Ocean basin, from Kara to Kolyma drainages. Introduced or stocked in many lakes in northern and central Russia (Ref. 59043).

Lengte bij maturiteit / Grootte / Gewicht / Leeftijd

Maturity: L_m 46.3, range 42 - 50 cm
Max length : 90.0 cm SL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 59043); max. gepubliceerd gewicht: 13.8 kg (Ref. 593); max. gerapporteerde leeftijd: 23 Jaren (Ref. 593)

Anadromous, semi-anadromous, lacustrine, lacustrine-riverine, and riverine stocks have been reported. Most stocks are migratory, spending most of year at sea, sometimes rather far from coast (Ref. 59043). Stays mainly in the lower reaches of the rivers (Ref. 593) with slow current, large lakes and their tributaries, floodplain lakes, deltas and estuaries, marine waters with salinity up to 6-10%. Enters rivers in July - August and reaches spawning sites by October - November. In larger rivers, moves upriver up tp 2000 km (average speed 20 km/day). Spawns for the first time at 6-14 years, 47-50 cm SL. Spawns in rapids or shallows, at 1-2°C, when rivers start freezing. Adults leave spawning sites in winter (Ref. 59043). Eggs are buried in unguarded nests (Ref. 205). Eggs hatch in 150-180 days; peak hatching usually in April. Juveniles feed on plankton in winter (during which they do not cease active foraging) and benthic invertebrates in summer (Ref. 59043). Status of threat: Important commercial species but rapidly declining (Ref. 59043).

Levenscyclus en paargedrag Maturiteit | Voortplanting | Paaien | Eieren | Fecunditeit | Larven

Distinct pairing (Ref. 205).

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Berg, L.S., 1962. Freshwater fishes of the U.S.S.R. and adjacent countries. volume 1, 4th edition. Israel Program for Scientific Translations Ltd, Jerusalem. (Russian version published 1948). (Ref. 593)

Status op de Rode Lijst van het IUCN (Ref. 130435)

Niet bedreigd (LC) ; Date assessed: 01 January 2008

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Gevaar voor de mens

Harmless

Gebruik door de mens

Visserij: van groot commercieel belang

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Estimates based on models

Fylogenetische diversiteitsindex (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00417 (0.00266 - 0.00653), b=3.24 (3.11 - 3.37), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245).

Trofisch niveau (Ref. 69278): 3.5 ±0.3 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives

Weerstandsvermogen (Ref. 120179): laag, minimale populatieverdubbelingstijd 4,5-14 jaar (tmax=23).

Prior r = 0.25, 95% CL = 0.17 - 0.38, Based on 2 stock assessments.

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): High vulnerability (63 of 100).

Prijsklasse (Ref. 80766): Very high.

Coregonus muksun (Pallas, 1814)