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Epinephelus costae (Steindachner, 1878)

Goldblotch grouper
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Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050
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Epinephelus costae   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Image of Epinephelus costae (Goldblotch grouper)
Epinephelus costae
Picture by Minguell, C.


Romania country information

Common names: [No common name]
Occurrence: native
Salinity: marine
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments:
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/ro.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall, 1993
National Database: Animalia Eukarya - Romania

Common names from other countries

分类 / Names 俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(, ) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Teleostei > Perciformes/Serranoidei (Groupers) > Epinephelidae (Groupers)
Etymology: Epinephelus: Greek, epinephelos = cloudy (Ref. 45335).
  More on author: Steindachner.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range 生态学

海洋 居于水底的; 深度上下限 1 - 300 m (Ref. 27000), usually 4 - 160 m (Ref. 95541).   亞熱帶的; 47°N - 13°S, 27°W - 42°E

分布 国家 | FAO区域 | 生态系 | 标本纪录 | Point map | 简介 | Faunafri

Eastern Atlantic and Mediterranean Sea. Records of Epinephelus alexandrinus from Madeira are apparently based on misidentifications of Myctoperca fusca.
東大西洋與地中海。 來自馬得拉群島的 縱紋石斑魚〔Epinephelus alexandrinus〕 的記錄是顯然地以 Myctoperca fusca 的誤鑑為依據.

Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄

Maturity: Lm 32.5, range 30 - 35 cm
Max length : 140 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 12382)

简单描述 检索表 | 型态特徵 | 形态测量图

背棘 (总数) : 11; 背的软条 (总数) : 15 - 17; 臀棘: 3; 臀鳍软条: 8. Distinguished by the following characteristics: head and body brownish, fins darker; two dark lines on head, one from lower edge of the eye to the ventral rear edge of the interopercle, 2nd from the dark maxillary streak to the lower edge of the preopercle; adults brown or greyish brown; distinct yellow blotch on body below the spinous dorsal fin; body depth less than head length, depth contained 3.0-3.4 times in Sl; head length 2.5-2.7 times in SL; interorbital area convex; angular preopercle, 2-3 enlarged serrae at the angle; middle and lower opercular spines flat but distinct, upper spine not apparent; straight or slightly convex upper edge of operculum; maxilla usually reaching a vertical rear edge of eye, ventral edge of maxilla with low step, no scale on maxilla; 2 rows of teeth on midlateral part of lower jaw; lateral body scales ctenoid, with auxilliary scales in adults; pyloric caeca 17 (Ref. 89707).

生物学特性     字汇 (例如 epibenthic)

Found on sand, mud or rock bottoms (Ref. 6789). Juveniles form small groups (Ref. 12382) in shallow water (Ref. 89707). Feeds on crustaceans, mollusks, and fish (Ref. 12382). Does not adapt well in aquariums (Ref. 12382). Maximum depth from Ref. 128827.

栖息于沙子,泥或石质底部了。 (参考文献 6789) 稚鱼形成小群鱼群。 (参考文献 12382) 吃甲壳动物,软件动物与鱼。 (参考文献 12382) 适应不良在水族馆。 (参考文献 12382)

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔鱼

東大西洋與地中海。 來自馬得拉群島的 縱紋石斑魚〔Epinephelus alexandrinus〕 的記錄是顯然地以 Myctoperca fusca 的誤鑑為依據.

主要参考文献 Upload your references | 参考文献 | 合作者 | 合作者

Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall, 1993. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 16. Groupers of the world (family Serranidae, subfamily Epinephelinae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper, rockcod, hind, coral grouper and lyretail species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(16):382 p. (Ref. 5222)

世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435)

  数据缺失 (DD) ; Date assessed: 17 November 2016

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

对人类的威胁

  无害处的




人类利用

渔业: 低经济
FAO(Publication : search) | FishSource |

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Trophic ecology
食物相
Diet compositions
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Ecology
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Population dynamics
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Length-weight rel.
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鱼的声音
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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 13.4 - 27.5, mean 19 (based on 650 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5000   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00832 (0.00506 - 0.01366), b=3.01 (2.87 - 3.15), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245).
营养阶层 (Ref. 69278):  3.9   ±0.61 se; based on food items.
回复力 (Ref. 120179):  中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (tm=4).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  High to very high vulnerability (66 of 100).
价格分类 (Ref. 80766):   Very high.