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Molva molva (Linnaeus, 1758)

Ling
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Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050
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Molva molva   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Molva molva
Picture by Svensen, E.


Portugal country information

Common names: Donzela, Maruca
Occurrence: native
Salinity: marine
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments:
National Checklist: Portugal
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/po.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba, 1990
National Database: Portuguese Freshwater Fishes

Common names from other countries

Классификация / Names народные названия | синонимы | Catalog of Fishes(род, виды) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Gadiformes (Cods) > Lotidae (Hakes and burbots)
Etymology:   More on author: Linnaeus.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range экология

морской демерсальный; мигрирует в океане (Ref. 51243); пределы глубины 100 - 1000 m (Ref. 35388), usually 100 - 400 m (Ref. 35388).   Temperate; 75°N - 35°N, 55°W - 44°E (Ref. 54595)

распространение страны | регионы FAO | Ecosystems | места находок | Point map | интродукции | Faunafri

Northwest Atlantic: off southern Greenland and Canada. Northeast Atlantic: Barents Sea and Iceland to Morocco. Mediterranean Sea: northwestern Mediterranean only.

Length at first maturity / Size / Вес / Возраст

Maturity: Lm 92.5, range 90 - 100 cm
Max length : 200 cm TL самец/пол неопределен; (Ref. 1371); common length : 106 cm TL самец/пол неопределен; (Ref. 1371); наибольший вес (опубликованные данные): 45.0 kg (Ref. 35388); наибольший возраст (опубликованны данные): 25 годы (Ref. 35388)

Краткое описание определительные ключи | морфология | морфометрия

колючие лучи спинного плавника (общее число) : 0; членистые (мягкие) лучи спинного плавника (общее число) : 75 - 83; членистые (мягкие) лучи анального плавника: 58 - 64; позвонки: 63 - 65. Upper jaw projecting beyond lower one. Color is reddish brown dorsally, grading to white ventrally. The posterior areas of the vertical fins dark with pale margins. The sides distinctly marbled (Ref. 232). Barbel is present in the chin, longer than the diameter of the eye. Black spot in the rear end of the first dorsal fin. Caudal peduncle stout compared to blue ling (Ref. 35388).

биология     глоссарий (например epibenthic)

Occurs mainly on rocky bottoms in fairly deep water (Ref. 9988). Found more commonly from 100 to 400 m. Feeds on fish (cod, herring, flatfish), lobsters, cephalopods and starfishes. Principal spawning areas are Biscay, slopes west of the British Isles and off the Faeroes and southern Iceland (Ref. 35388). Marketed fresh, dried or salted and frozen; eaten steamed, fried, broiled and baked (Ref. 9988).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | размножение | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | личинки

Major spawning grounds are located at 200 m depth from the Bay of Biscay to the Gulf of Norway at 100 to 300 m off southern Iceland, and at 50 to 300 m in the Mediterranean Sea. Fecundity may reach 20 to 60 million eggs per female (Ref. 1371).

Основная ссылка Upload your references | ссылки | координатор | соавторы

Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba, 1990. FAO species catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10). Rome: FAO. 442 p. (Ref. 1371)

Статус Красного Списка МСОП (Ref. 130435)


CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Угроза для людей

  Harmless




Использование человеком

рыболовство: важный объект промысла; объект спортивного рыболовства: да
FAO(рыболовство: production, Видовой профиль; publication : search) | FIRMS (Stock assessments) | FishSource | Sea Around Us

дополнительная информация

Trophic ecology
пищевые объекты
Diet compositions
Food consumptions
Food rations
хищники
Ecology
экология
Home ranges
Life cycle
размножение
Maturities
Fecundities
Spawnings
Spawning aggregations
Egg(s)
Egg developments
личинки
динамика численности личинок
Distribution
страны
регионы FAO
Ecosystems
места находок
интродукции
BRUVS - Videos
Anatomy
Gill areas
мозг
Otoliths
Physiology
Body compositions
Nutrients
Oxygen consumptions
Swimming type
Swimming speeds
Visual pigment(s)
звуки, издаваемые рыбами
Diseases / Parasites
Toxicities (LC50s)
Genetics
генетика
Electrophoreses
Heritabilities
Human related
Aquaculture systems
особенности рыбоводства
степень растяжения
Ciguatera cases
Stamps, coins, misc.
Outreach
соавторы
References
ссылки

инструменты

Специальные отчеты

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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 4.6 - 11.3, mean 7.7 (based on 438 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.6250   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00389 (0.00241 - 0.00628), b=3.06 (2.92 - 3.20), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245).
Trophic level (Ref. 69278):  4.4   ±0.2 se; based on diet studies.
устойчивость к внешним воздействиям (Ref. 120179):  средний (среднего размера), минимальное время удвоения популяции 1.4-4.4 года (K=0.12; tm=5-6; tmax=25; Fec=60 million).
Prior r = 0.55, 95% CL = 0.36 - 0.82, Based on 9 full stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Very high vulnerability (77 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649):  Moderate vulnerability (38 of 100).
Категория цены (Ref. 80766):   Low.