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Protopterus annectens (Owen, 1839)

West African lungfish
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Protopterus annectens
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Nigeria country information

Common names: Abiyeseni, African lungfish, Barko
Occurrence: native
Salinity: freshwater
Abundance: common (usually seen) | Ref: Holden, M.J., 1963
Importance: minor commercial | Ref: Reed, W., J. Burchard., A.J. Hopson, J. Jenness and I. Yaro, 1967
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: live export: yes;
Comments: Protopterus annectens annectens is known from Niger Delta (Ref. 2985), Niger River (Ref. 42499), Benue River (Ref. 3064, 50352), Lake Kainji (Ref. 3799, 52077) and Sokoto River (Ref. 41503). It is also known from Cross River (Ref. 52861, 85170) and Lake Chad (Ref. 41490). It is reported from Ogun River below Abeokuta (Ref. 3076), but this is not confirmed. Also Ref. 13851, 31256, 42906.
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/ni.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Olaosebikan, B.D. and A. Raji, 1998
National Database:

Common names from other countries

分類 / Names 共通名の | 類義語 | Catalog of Fishes(部類, ) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Ceratodontiformes (Australian lungfishes) > Protopteridae (African lungfishes)
Etymology: Protopterus: Greek, pro = first, in front of + Greek, pteron = wing, fin (Ref. 45335);  annectens: Named in honor of Prof. Dr. Brien (Ref. 40587).

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range 生態学

; 新鮮な水 底生の; potamodromous (Ref. 51243).   Tropical; 25°C - 30°C (Ref. 2059); 22°N - 30°S

分布 国々 | 国連食糧農業機関の区域 | エコシステム | 事件 | Point map | 導入 | Faunafri

Africa: large Sahelian basins, Comoé River, Bandama River and some basins of Sierra Leone and Guinea (Protopterus annectens annectens) (Ref. 2834, 81261), upper Congo River, middle and lower Zambezi basin and all east coast rivers south to the Limpopo River (Ref. 3498, Ref. 13337), and Lake Rukwa (Ref. 13337) (Protopterus annectens brieni). Reports from the upper Cubango and Okavango system (Ref. 11970) unconfirmed (Ref. 52193, 120641).

サイズ / 重さ / 年齢

Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 100.0 cm TL オス/雌雄の選別がない; (Ref. 3799); 最大公表体重: 4.0 kg (Ref. 3069)

簡単な記述 検索表 | 形態学 | 形態計測学

Diagnosis: Protopterus annectens annectens has an elongate body and paired fins are long and filamentous (Ref. 81261). The trunk, with 34-37 ribs, is a bit longer and the tail a bit shorter compared to Protopterus annectens brieni (Ref. 40587).

生物学     用語集 (例 epibenthic)

Obligate air-breathing (Ref. 126274); Obligate air-breathing (Ref. 126274). Found in marginal swamps and backwaters of rivers and lakes (Ref. 30488). Carnivorous, food includes molluscs (Ref. 30488), but also frogs, fish and seed (Ref. 13851). In Kenya it feeds mostly on plant material, like roots (Ref. 30558). Strongly associated with life of aquatic plants in terms of breeding and feeding ecologies; nests are made in weedy areas (Ref. 30558). Normally lives on flood plains and secretes, when these dry up during the dry season, a thin slime around itself which dries into a fragile cocoon; normally hibernates from the end of one wet season to the start of the next, buut can live in its cocoon for over a year (Ref. 3023, 30558). For hibernating the fish literally chews its way into the substrate ejecting mud out of its gill openings, reaching a depth of 3-25 cm below the surface depending on the length of the fish; the lungfish wriggles around, thereby hollowing out a bulb-shaped chamber and coming to rest with its nose pointing upward; they breathe air at the mouth of the chamber's tube and then sink back into the expanded part of the chamber (Ref. 36739). As the water disappears the respiratory trips cease; air reaches the fish via the tube to the surface (Ref. 36739). Under aquatic conditions this lungfish can survive more than three and half years of starvation, showing the same behavior - no motion and same body posture - as an aestivating specimen (Ref. 51339).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 幼生

Lungfish spawn in the swamps during the wet season, building a nest in which the eggs, white in colour and about 4 mm diameter, are laid; young are cared for by the males (Ref. 13851). Larvae hatch in eight days, and leave the nest in twenty days (Ref. 41544). Males of Protopterus annectens brieni excavate an U-shaped burrow to a depth of nearly 60 cm for spawning purposes; nest is usually placed amongst roots of aquatic vegetation where the male will attend to several females during the breeding season; males aerate the eggs with body and fin movements and provide protection to the young for some time after incubation (Ref. 13337).

主な参考文献 Upload your references | 参考文献 | コーディネーター | 協力者

Teugels, G.G., C. Lévêque, D. Paugy and K. Traoré, 1988. État des connaissances sur la faune ichtyologique des bassins côtiers de Côte d'Ivoire et de l'ouest du Ghana. Rev. Hydrobiol. Trop. 21(3):221-237. (Ref. 272)

IUCNのレッドリストの状況は (Ref. 130435)

  軽度懸念 (LC) ; Date assessed: 25 October 2019

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

人間に対する脅威

  Harmless




Human uses

水産業: 少数商業の; 水産養殖: 商業
FAO(Publication : search) | FishSource |

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インターネットの情報源

Estimates based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.6602   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00389 (0.00155 - 0.00977), b=3.10 (2.88 - 3.32), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245).
栄養段階 (Ref. 69278):  3.8   ±0.64 se; based on food items.
回復力 (Ref. 120179):  低い, 4.5年~14年の倍増期間の最小個体群 (tmax = 23 (in captivity); Fec < 1,000).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  High vulnerability (60 of 100).
価格帯 (Ref. 80766):   Unknown.