India country information

Common names: Alanku, Bonefish, Chirai
Occurrence: native
Salinity: freshwater
Abundance: fairly common (chances are about 50%) | Ref: Talwar, P.K. and A.G. Jhingran, 1991
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments: Fairly common in freshwaters and estuaries all along the coast of India (Ref. 4832). Known from Western Ghats Rivers, Karnataka (Ref. 43636); Khal River, Maharashtra (Ref. 44323); Andhra and Kerala coasts (Ref. 45255). Also Ref. 1602, 45204. Status of threat: Data deficient in Western Ghats (Ref. 50614).
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/in.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Kapoor, D., R. Dayal and A.G. Ponniah, 2002
National Database:

Common names from other countries

Tarpon Indo-Pacifique, Tarpón del Indo-Pacífico, Oxeye tarpon, ... more

Classificação / Names Nomes comuns | Sinônimos | Catalog of Fishes(Gênero, Espécies) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Elopiformes (Tarpons and tenpounders) > Megalopidae (Tarpons)
Etymology: Megalops: Greek, megas, megalos = great + Greek, ops = appearance (Ref. 45335).

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecologia

marinhas; Água doce; estuarina bentopelágico; anfídromo; intervalo de profundidade 1 - 50 m (Ref. 86942). Tropical; 34°N - 37°S, 16°E - 130°W

Distribuição Países | Áreas da FAO | Ecossistemas | Ocorrências | Point map | Introduções | Faunafri

Indo-Pacific: Persian Gulf (Ref. 68964), Red Sea and Natal, South Africa (Ref. 3969) to the Society Islands, north to southern Korea, south to the Arafura Sea (Ref. 9819) and New South Wales. Restricted to high islands (Palau, Caroline and Mariana islands) in Micronesia. Reported as far inland as the lower Shire in Malawi and the Save-Runde junction in Zimbabwe (Ref. 7248, 52193). Widespread in the Lower Zambezi River channels up to Marromeu and in the Micelo River up to Malingapanzi (Ref. 39494). South China Sea, Taiwan Strait, and East China Sea(Ref.33302).

Comprimento de primeira maturação / Tamanho / Peso / Idade

Maturity: L_m ?, range 25 - ? cm
Max length : 150 cm TL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 1479); common length : 30.0 cm SL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 7017); common length :45.5 cm SL (female); peso máx. publicado: 18.0 kg (Ref. 13337); idade máx. registrada: 44 anos (Ref. 72487)

Descrição suscinta Chaves de identificação | Morfologia | Morfometria

Espinhos dorsais (total) : 0; Raios dorsais (total) : 16 - 21; Espinhos anais: 0; Raios anais : 23 - 31.

Obligate air-breathing (Ref. 126274); Adults are generally found at sea, but young inhabit river mouths, inner bays, and mangrove forests. In freshwater, they occur in rivers, lagoons, lakes, and swampy backwaters (Ref. 2847, 44894). Tolerate a wide pH range (5.2-9.1) (Ref. 44894) and salinities from 0 to 100. Mainly diurnal (Ref. 7017). Predaceous, feeding mainly on fishes and crustaceans (Ref. 5213). Breed offshore, possibly throughout the year. Larvae are transparent and resemble larval eels (Ref. 13337), but with a forked tail (Ref. 167). Juveniles commonly enter freshwater (Ref. 44894, 48635) in clear or turbid water (Ref. 44894). Known to breath air, rising regularly to the surface to do so. Cultured in ponds, the fry being sourced from the coasts (Ref. 7050). Popular angling fish (Ref. 3969). Edible but not esteemed (Ref. 3969). Caught by gill nets, seines, and trawls, and by hook-and-line; marketed fresh and dried salted (Ref. 10982).

Ciclo de vida ou comportamento de acasalamento Maturities | Reprodução | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larvas

Referência principal Upload your references | Referências | Coordenador | Colaboradores

Whitehead, P.J.P., 1984. Megalopidae. In W. Fischer and G. Bianchi (eds.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Western Indian Ocean fishing area 51. Vol. 3. [pag. var.]. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 3463)

Status na Lista Vermelha da UICN (Ref. 130435)

Dados insuficientes (DD) ; Date assessed: 29 June 2016

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Ameaça para os humanos

Harmless

Uso pelos humanos

Pescarias: pouco comercial; Aquacultura: espécies comerciais; peixe esportivo: sim

FAO(pescarias: produção; publication : search) | FishSource | Sea Around Us

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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 19.8 - 27.6, mean 24.4 (based on 501 cells).

Índice de diversidade filogenética (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 1.0020 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00741 (0.00532 - 0.01033), b=3.07 (2.97 - 3.17), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).

Nível Trófico (Ref. 69278): 3.5 ±0.1 se; based on diet studies.

Resiliência (Ref. 120179): médio(a), tempo mínimo de duplicação da população 1,4 - 4,4 anos (Assuming tm<=4).

Prior r = 0.57, 95% CL = 0.37 - 0.85, Based on 2 data-limited stock assessments.

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Very high vulnerability (90 of 100).

Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649): High to very high vulnerability (75 of 100).

Categoria de preço (Ref. 80766): Low.

Megalops cyprinoides (Broussonet, 1782)