India country information

Common names: Arrayam, Atu kendai, Basra
Occurrence: native
Salinity: freshwater
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: commercial | Ref: Talwar, P.K. and A.G. Jhingran, 1991
Aquaculture: commercial | Ref: Talwar, P.K. and A.G. Jhingran, 1991
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: gamefish: yes;
Comments: Occurs in peninsular India. All available evidence suggests that the historic distribution range of T. khudree was limited to the northern and Central Western Ghats (current day Maharashtra, Telengana and Karnataka states) in the eastward flowing Krishna River system including its tributaries, the Indrayani, Mula Mutha, Koyna, Krishna, Tungabhadra and Panchaganga (Ref. 123532, 123533, 123534). Since the early 1970s, artificial propagation and national stocking augmentation policy has resulted in a dramatic expansion of the natural biogeographic range of this species (Ref. 123468). It now occurs as introduced populations in many parts of Central and south-western India. In the Western Ghats, it occurs as introduced populations in many rivers (Chalakudy, Periyar) and its associated reservoirs. With large numbers of fingerlings having been distributed throughout much of peninsular India (Ref. 56224), some of these introduced populations in South India are now known to be thriving and demonstrating invasive characteristics by limiting populations of endemic fishes, including other species of Tor (Ref. 105756). With respect to the native distribution range of Tor khudree, the frequently reported occurrence of this species in Sri Lanka remains subject of debate. Status of threat: Least concern (Ref. 123509).
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/in.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Talwar, P.K. and A.G. Jhingran, 1991
National Database:

Common names from other countries

Mahseer, Verkkomahseeri, Mahsír cejlonský, ... more

Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes(genus, species) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Teleostei (teleosts) > Cypriniformes (Carps) > Cyprinidae (Minnows or carps) > Torinae
Etymology: khudree: \.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology

Freshwater; benthopelagic; potamodromous. Tropical; 20°C - 30°C (Ref. 2059)

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri

Asia: India.

Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: L_m ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 83.0 cm FL male/unsexed; (Ref. 123482); common length : 18.5 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 41236); max. published weight: 2.8 kg (Ref. 105756)

This species is mesopelagic, potadromous. Inhabits cool, fast flowing, rocky streams and rivers. Occurs in mountain lakes (Ref. 41236). Moves to upper reaches of small streams to spawn (Ref. 41236). Feeds on plants, insects, shrimps and mollusks. Can be cultured in ponds and lakes. Regarded to be of medicinal value. Known to grow over a meter and 45 kg in weight but have not been recorded in recent times (Ref. 41236).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae

Main reference Upload your references | References | Coordinator | Collaborators

Talwar, P.K. and A.G. Jhingran, 1991. Inland fishes of India and adjacent countries. vol 1. A.A. Balkema, Rotterdam. i-liv + 1-541, 1 map (Ref. 4832)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 12 August 2019

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Harmless

Human uses

Fisheries: commercial; aquaculture: commercial; gamefish: yes

FAO(Publication : search) | FishSource |

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Estimates based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00871 (0.00504 - 0.01504), b=3.02 (2.87 - 3.17), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245).

Trophic level (Ref. 69278): 3.1 ±0.43 se; based on food items.

Resilience (Ref. 120179): Low, minimum population doubling time 4.5 - 14 years (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): High vulnerability (55 of 100).

Price category (Ref. 80766): Unknown.

Tor khudree (Sykes, 1839)