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Potamotrygon leopoldi Castex & Castello, 1970

White-blotched river stingray
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Potamotrygon leopoldi
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Brazil country information

Common names: Arraia, Raia
Occurrence: endemic
Salinity: freshwater
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: live export: yes;
Comments: Known from the Xingu and Fresco Rivers of the Xingu River basin (Ref. 36687). Type locality, little creek on the right shore of Alto Xingú, Mato Grosso (Ref. 26282).
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/br.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: de Carvalho, M.R., N. Lovejoy and R.S. Rosa, 2003
National Database:

Common names from other countries

分类 / Names 俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(, ) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Elasmobranchii 板鳃亚纲 (鲨鱼与 鱼) (sharks and rays) > Myliobatiformes (Stingrays) > Potamotrygonidae (River stingrays) > Potamotrygoninae
Etymology: Potamotrygon: Greek, potamos = river + Greek, trygon = a sting ray (Ref. 45335).

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range 生态学

; 淡水 底中水层性; pH range: 6.0 - 6.8.   熱帶; 20°C - 25°C (Ref. 13614)

分布 国家 | FAO区域 | 生态系 | 标本纪录 | Point map | 简介 | Faunafri

South America: Xingu River basin (Xingu and Fresco rivers).
南美洲: Xingu 河流域 (Xingu 與壁畫河).

Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄

Maturity: Lm 35.0, range 30 - 40 cm
Max length : 111 cm WD 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 111518); 最大体重: 17.0 kg (Ref. 111518)

生物学特性     字汇 (例如 epibenthic)

Buried in sand during day, hunting for benthic invertebrates during night (Ref. 13614).

埋藏在沙中在白天, 猎食在夜晚期间为底栖的无脊椎动物.(参考文献 13614)

Life cycle and mating behavior 成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼

南美洲: Xingu 河流域 (Xingu 與壁畫河).

主要参考文献 Upload your references | 参考文献 | 合作者 : Carvalho, Marcelo | 合作者

Compagno, L.J.V., 1999. Checklist of living elasmobranchs. p. 471-498. In W.C. Hamlett (ed.) Sharks, skates, and rays: the biology of elasmobranch fishes. Johns Hopkins University Press, Maryland. (Ref. 35766)

世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435)

  次级保育类动物, 见 IUCN 红皮书 (VU) (A2bcd); Date assessed: 25 March 2022

CITES (Ref. 128078)


CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

对人类的威胁

  无害处的




人类利用

水族馆: 公众的水族馆
FAO(Publication : search) | FishSource |

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Estimates based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5000   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01000 (0.00244 - 0.04107), b=3.04 (2.81 - 3.27), in cm Total Length, based on all LWR estimates for this body shape (Ref. 93245).
营养阶层 (Ref. 69278):  3.2   ±0.4 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
回复力 (Ref. 120179):  低的, 最小族群倍增时间4.5 - 14 年 (tm=3-4; Fec=2 (in captivity)).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  High vulnerability (58 of 100).