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Phalloceros caudimaculatus (Hensel, 1868)

Dusky millions fish
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Image of Phalloceros caudimaculatus (Dusky millions fish)
Phalloceros caudimaculatus
Male picture by Sazima, I.


Brazil country information

Common names: Barrigudinho, Guaru, Guaru guaru
Occurrence: native
Salinity: freshwater
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: live export: yes;
Comments: Recorded from the Pardo River (Ref. 27745), Caracu and Sao Pedro streams, tributaries of the Paraná river (Ref. 26076). Found in Córrego Barreiro (Ref. 53011). Also recorded from the Patos lagoon (Ref. 58359). Also Ref. 1739.
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/br.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Pavanelli, C.S. and E.P. Caramaschi, 1997
National Database:

Common names from other countries

Classificatie / Names Lokale namen | Synoniemen | Catalog of Fishes(Genus, Soort(en)) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Cyprinodontiformes (Rivulines, killifishes and live bearers) > Poeciliidae (Poeciliids) > Poeciliinae
Etymology: Phalloceros: Greek, phallos = penis + Greek, keras = horn (Ref. 45335).

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecologie

; zoet water; brak water pelagisch; pH range: 7.0 - 8.0; dH range: 9 - 19; standvastig.   Tropical; 20°C - 24°C (Ref. 1672)

Verspreiding Landen | FAO regio's | Ecosystemen | Voorkomen | Point map | Introducties | Faunafri

South America: Rio de Janeiro, Brazil southward to Uruguay and Argentina (Ref. 9086). Introduced mainly for mosquito control (Ref. 1739). At least one country reports adverse ecological impact after introduction.

Grootte / Gewicht / Leeftijd

Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 3.5 cm SL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 26681); 6.0 cm TL (female)

Korte beschrijving Morfologie | Morfometrie

Dorsale zachte stralen (totaal): 7-9. Dorsal fin short; pectoral fin small, not reaching back to level of pelvic fin bases; body and fins covered with a profusion of black patches; tip of gonopodium of male with a distinctly downturned hook (Ref 54372).

Biologie     Verklarende woordenlijst (bv. epibenthic)

Inhabits swamps and drains of Perth metropolitan area, Western Australia (Ref. 44894). Omnivorous.

Levenscyclus en paargedrag Maturiteit | Voortplanting | Paaien | Eieren | Fecunditeit | Larven

After about 24 days gestation, 10 to 50 young are born.

Hoofdreferentie Upload your references | Referenties | Coördinator | Medewerkers

Paxton, J.R., D.F. Hoese, G.R. Allen and J.E. Hanley, 1989. Pisces. Petromyzontidae to Carangidae. Zoological Catalogue of Australia, Vol. 7. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra, 665 p. (Ref. 7300)

Status op de Rode Lijst van het IUCN (Ref. 130435)

  Niet bedreigd (LC) ; Date assessed: 09 November 2020

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

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Gebruik door de mens

Aquarium: Commercieel
FAO(Publication : search) | FishSource |

Meer informatie

Lokale namen
Synoniemen
Metabolisme
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Ecotoxicologie
Voortplanting
Maturiteit
Paaien
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Eieren
Ontwikkeling van de eieren
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Groei
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Estimates based on models

Fylogenetische diversiteitsindex (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5000   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00871 (0.00437 - 0.01737), b=3.15 (2.98 - 3.32), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245).
Trofisch niveau (Ref. 69278):  3.0   ±0.2 se; based on diet studies.
Weerstandsvermogen (Ref. 120179):  Hoog, minimale populatieverdubbelingstijd minder dan 15 maanden (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Low vulnerability (10 of 100).