Common names from other countries
分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Lethrinidae (Emperors or scavengers) > Lethrininae
Etymology: Lethrinus: Greek, lethrinia, a fish pertaining to genus Pagellus.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 礁区鱼类; 非迁移的; 深度上下限 10 - 198 m (Ref. 86942). 热带; 38°N - 31°S, 30°E - 139°W
Indo-Pacific: East Africa to south Korea in the Yellow Sea, and the Marquesas Islands.
印度-太平洋: 东非到日本南部与马贵斯群岛。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 23.0, range 20 - 26 cm
Max length : 57.0 cm FL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 125599); common length : 30.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 2295); 最大体重: 3.1 kg (Ref. 125599)
背棘 (总数) : 10; 背的软条 (总数) : 9; 臀棘: 3; 臀鳍软条: 8. This species is distinguished by the following characters: body moderately elongate, its depth 3-3.4 times in standard length; head length 1.1-1.3 times in body depth, 2.6-3 times in SL, dorsal profile near eye convex without a distinct hump; snout length 1.8-2.1 times in HL, measured without the lip the snout is 0.7-0.9 times in cheek height, its dorsal profile nearly straight or slightly concave, snout angle relative to upper jaw between 54° and 65°; interorbital space flat or slightly convex; posterior nostril a longitudinal oblong opening, closer to orbit than anterior nostril; eye situated close or slightly removed from dorsal profile, its length 3.9-4.7 times in HL; cheek height 2.4-3.3 times in HL; lateral teeth in jaws conical; outer surface of maxilla smooth or with a longitudinal ridge; D X,9 with the 3rd dorsal-fin spine the longest, its length 2.4-2.7 times in body depth; A III,8 with the first soft ray usually the longest, its length shorter than length of base of soft-rayed portion of anal fin and 1.4-1.8 times in length of entire anal-fin base; pectoral-fin rays 13; pelvic-fin membranes between rays closest to body without dense melanophores; cheek without scales; 47-49 lateral-line scales; 4 ½ scale rows between lateral line and base of middle dorsal-fin spines; 15-16 scale rows in transverse series between origin of anal fin and lateral line; usually 15 rows in lower series of scales around caudal peduncle; 7-10 scales in supratemporal patch; inner surface of pectoral-fin base without scales; posterior angle of operculum with a wide scaleless area. Colour of body olive grey or brown, with scattered irregular small black blotches; lips and a spot on upper edge of operculum usually red; fins pale or pinkish (Ref. 114226).
体色是橄榄色-灰色或者褐色,有分散的不规则的小黑色的斑块。 鳃盖的上缘通常有一个红色的斑点。 唇通常是红色的。 鳍是灰白或略带桃色的。
Found over sand and rubble areas of outer reef slopes (Ref. 30573). Feeds mainly on crustaceans, fish, echinoderms and mollusks (Ref. 30573). In New Caledonia, spawning peaks are observed in December and a fairly high percentage of gonads in advanced stages of maturity occurs between October and February (Ref. 9775). Caught mostly by handline, trap, and trawl. Marketed mostly fresh. An excellent food fish (Ref. 114226).
发现在外礁斜坡的沙子与碎石区上了。 (参考文献 30573) 主要吃甲壳动物，鱼，棘皮动物与软件动物。 (参考文献 30573) 在被产卵巅峰在十二月被观察到的新加勒多尼亚与后阶段成熟期一个百分比很高的生殖腺在十月与二月之间出现。 在市场上销售生鲜地了。 (参考文献 9775)
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔鱼
Oviparous (Ref. 205). Also Ref. 103751.印度-太平洋: 东非到日本南部与马贵斯群岛。
Carpenter, K.E. and G.R. Allen, 1989. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 9. Emperor fishes and large-eye breams of the world (family Lethrinidae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of lethrinid species known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(9):118 p. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 2295)
CITES (Ref. 128078)
Not Evaluated
人类利用
渔业: 高经济性
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
115969): 22.4 - 28.3, mean 26.9 (based on 844 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01445 (0.01230 - 0.01698), b=2.97 (2.93 - 3.01), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.8 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (33 of 100).
